Linux Basic

  • uname - print system information
  • lshw - list hardware
  • lscpu - display information about the CPU architecture
  • fdisk - manipulate disk partition table
  • df - report file system disk space usage
  • free - display amount of free and used memory in the system
  • bg, fg, & and Ctrl+Z
  • ps - report a snapshot of the current processes
  • grep, egrep, fgrep, rgrep - print lines matching a pattern
  • diff - compare files line by line
  • find - search for files in a directory hierarchy
  • echo - display a line of text
  • history - GNU History Library
  • kill - send a signal to a process
  • groups - print the groups a user is in
  • chmod - change file mode bits
  • chgrp - change group ownership
  • chown - change file owner and group
  • curl - transfer a URL
  • wget - The non-interactive network downloader
  • top - display Linux processes
  • nl - Number lines of files
  • cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output
  • less - opposite of more
  • wc - print newline, word, and byte counts for each file
  • mv - move (rename) files
  • cp - copy files and directories
  • pwd - print name of current/working directory
  • mkdir - make directories
  • passwd - change user password
  • ping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
  • head - output the first part of files
  • tail - output the last part of files
  • uptime - Tell how long the system has been running.
  • date - Print or set the system date and time.
  • whoami - Print effective userid.
  • shutdown - Halt, power-off or reboot the machine
  • w - show who is logged on and what they are doing
  • ssh — OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
  • cal, ncal — displays a calendar and the date of Easter
  • ctrl + a or home: Go to the beginning of the line.
  • ctrl + e or End: Go to the end of the line.
  • nvidia-smi: NVIDIA System Management Interface program
  • ctrl + xx: Move between the beginning of the line and the current position of the cursor. This allows you to press Ctrl+XX to return to the start of the line, change something, and then press Ctrl+XX to go back to your original cursor position.
  • ctrl + c: Interrupt (kill) the current foreground process running in in the terminal.
  • ctrl + d: Close the bash shell.
  • ctrl + z: Suspend the current foreground process running in bash.
  • ctrl + l: Clear the screen. This is similar to running the “clear” command.
  • ctrl + s: Stop all output to the screen.
  • ctrl + q: Resume output to the screen after stopping it with ctrl + s.
  • ctrl + w: Cut the word before the cursor, adding it to the clipboard.
  • ctrl + k: Cut the part of the line after the cursor, adding it to the clipboard.
  • ctrl + u: Cut the part of the line before the cursor, adding it to the clipboard.
  • ctrl + y: Paste the last thing you cut from the clipboard. The y here stands for “yank”.
  • alt + u: Capitalize every character from the cursor to the end of the current word, converting the characters to upper case.
  • alt + l: Uncapitalize every character from the cursor to the end of the current word, converting the characters to lower case.
  • alt + c: Capitalize the character under the cursor. Your cursor will move to the end of the current word.
  • alt + r: Revert any changes to a command you’ve pulled from your history if you’ve edited it.
  • ctrl + r: Recall the last command matching the characters you provide. Press this shortcut and start typing to search your bash history for a command.